A Korean Translator in Birmingham Summarises the Legislature of Korea

We have an article by our Korean translator in Birmingham, Miss Lee explaining the legislature of Korea. The most content of the article are initially written for her research on Korean politics, and based on facts only. When it comes to Korean translation or Korean translators, who knows better than us? We are Korean specialists!

The Legislature of Korea

Legislative power is vested in the National Assembly, a unicameral legislature. The Assembly is composed of 273 members elected by popular vote for a four-year term. Assembly members elected by popular vote comprise five-sixths of membership with the remaining seats distributed proportionately among parties winning five seats or more in a direct election. The proportional representation system is aimed at appointing Assembly members who will represent national interests rather than local interests.

To be eligible for election, a candidate must be at least 25 years of age. By the way, our Korean translator in Korean translation Birmingham branch, Miss Lee is just over that age. One candidate from each electoral district is selected by a plurality of votes. An Assembly member is not held responsible outside the Assembly for any opinions expressed or votes cast in the legislative chamber. During a session of the Assembly, no Assembly member may be arrested or detained without consent of the Assembly except in the case of a flagrant criminal act.

In case of apprehension or detention of an Assembly member prior to the opening of a session, he must be released during the session upon the request of the Assembly. Two types of legislative sessions are provided for, regular and extraordinary. The regular session is convened once a year from September through December and extraordinary sessions may be convened upon the request of the President or one-fourth or more of the members of the Assembly. The period of a regular session is limited to 100 days, and that for an extraordinary session to 30 days. If the President requests the convening of an extraordinary session, he must clearly specify the period of the session and the reasons for the request.

Except as otherwise provided in the Constitution or law, the attendance of more than one half of the entire Assembly members, and the concurrent vote of more than one half of the Assembly members present, are necessary to make decisions of the National Assembly binding. In the case of a tie vote, the matter is considered to be rejected by the Assembly. Our Korean translator in Birmingham knows legislative meetings are open to the public, but this rule may be waived with the approval of more than one half of the members present or when the Speaker deems it necessary to do so in the interest of national security.

The National Assembly is vested with a number of functions under the Constitution, the foremost of which is making laws. Other functions of the Assembly include approval of the national budget, matters related to foreign policy, declaration of war, and the dispatch of armed forces abroad or the stationing of foreign forces within the country; inspecting or investigating specific matters of state affairs; and impeachment.

A motion for impeachment must be proposed by one-third or more of the membership of the Assembly. We all know in our Korean translation Birmingham branch that the vote of a majority of the Assembly is necessary to approve an impeachment motion. However, a motion for the impeachment of the President should be proposed by a majority of the total members of the Assembly, and approved by the concurrent vote of two-thirds or more of the entire membership. When an impeachment motion is passed by the National Assembly, the case is sent to the Constitutional Court for trial. The Assembly elects one Speaker and two Vice Speakers, who serve for two-year terms. The Speaker presides over plenary sessions and represents the legislature while supervising its administration. The Vice Speakers assist the Speaker and take the chair in his absence.

The Standing Committees of Korea

The Assembly maintains 16 standing committees with the following functional designations: House Steering; Legislation and Judiciary; National Policy; Finance and Economy; Unification, Foreign Affairs and Trade; National Defense; Government Administration and Local Autonomy; Education; Science, Technology, Information and Telecommunication; Culture and Tourism; Agriculture, Forestry, Maritime Affairs and Fisheries; Commerce, Industry and Energy; Health and Welfare; Environment and Labor; Construction and Transportation; and Intelligence, according to our Korean translator in Birmingham.

Chairmen of the standing committees are elected from among members of the respective committees. The number of members of a standing committee is determined by Assembly regulations. According to our Korean translator in Birmingham, The committee chairman is authorized to control the proceedings, maintain order, and represent the committee. Bills and petitions are referred to the standing committees for examination. The committees constitute the primary forum for reconciling differences between the ruling and opposition parties.

Under the present National Assembly Act, each political group having 20 or more Assembly members may form a negotiating group, which acts as a unit in inter-party Assembly negotiations. Assembly members without party affiliation can form a separate negotiation group if their number is 20 or more. The negotiating groups name floor leaders and whips, who are responsible for negotiating with other groups. The floor leaders discuss schedules for Assembly sessions and agenda items for plenary and committee meetings.

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